Here's why you probably can't find your file in Power Automate. When you upload a file to Teams, it actually lives in SharePoint in the background. So when you're setting up your "Excel Online (Business)" action, try this:
For the Location, make sure to pick the SharePoint site that belongs to your Team (not OneDrive).
If you don't see your site in the dropdown menu, just scroll all the way down, click "Enter custom value", and paste the URL of your Team straight from your browser.
One more thing: make sure the file isn't saved in a Private Channel. Private channels create their own hidden SharePoint sites, which makes setting up flows a real pain.
Just a quick tip though:
You might want to rethink using Excel for a desk booking system. With 50 staff members, if a few people try to open and book at the exact same time, the file will lock up or they might accidentally overwrite each other's data.
A much better and more stable option is to use a SharePoint List to store the bookings. You'll have way fewer syncing headaches. If you want to make it look nice and user-friendly for the staff, you can easily build a simple
Power Apps template on top of that list.
Here is a great video showing exactly how to build a really nice desk booking app:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zroxwXpVhHI