No, you cannot copy the values out directly from the variable preview in any way after your flow ends/fails.
Not that you should be running your flow from the designer anyway - it's only intended for debugging. You should run it from the main Power Automate Desktop console. The flow will run much faster that way.
As to your need to retain the values even if your flow fails, I would suggest writing those values to a text file or something like that. Either writing every value as soon as you have it by using Write text to file and appending a new line each time, or using an On block error action on your entire flow, so it catches the error, and when it happens, calling a sub-flow that would write the entire list somewhere.
This is a recommendation for next time. There's nothing you can do about it for the current run that has already failed, if you're still waiting on it.
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