Nothing out of the box , but you can try to mimic this behavior by using galleries on multiple screens. I just gave a try from my end.
First Gallery To display all parentfolder. Below goes in items of gallery1
Filter(YourDocumentLibrary,'Folder path'="YourDocumentLibrary/")
Other gallery to display child folder. Item of galllery2
Filter(YourDocumentLibrary,StartsWith('Full Path',Gallery1.Selected.'Full Path'&"/"))
you can add more galleries to drill down further
