Hi @Anonymous ,
1)Do you want to patch value to choices in choice column in powerapps?
Yes, this is possible.
You just need to set the choice column like this:

Then even if the value that you want patch has not existed in the choices of choice column, you could also patch successfully.
However, choice column has this limit:
The total limit for this is 255 characters, so if you have 50 choices, each one can only be 4-characters long on average
(The total choices characters could only be 255 at most.)
The 608 unique values is too much.
I suggest you create multiple choice columns for Sub-Products.
(the number is decided by the length of your value)
For example:
Sub-Products1 field with 1-50 unique choices
Sub-Products2 field with 51-100 unique choices
Sub-Products3 field with 101-150 unique choices
Sub-Products4 field with 151-200 unique choices
......
2)How to update:
Company Name Update:
{Value:DataCardValue5.Selected.Result}
Products Update:
{Value:ComboBox_Products.Selected.Result}
Sub-Products Update:
{Value:ComboBox_Sub-Products.Selected.Result}
Since you said "my Drop-down3 has 608 unique values", I suggest you consider insert multiple Sub-Products field.
For example:
Sub-Products1's Items: (1-50)
FirstN(
Distinct(Filter(Table1,Company=DataCardValue5.Selected.Result, Products=ComboBox_Products.Selected.Result),SubProducts),50
)
Sub-Products1 Update:
{Value:ComboBox_Sub-Products1.Selected.Result}
Sub-Products2's Items: (51-100)
Last(FirstN(
Distinct(Filter(Table1,Company=DataCardValue5.Selected.Result, Products=ComboBox_Products.Selected.Result),SubProducts),100
),50
)
Sub-Products2 Update:
{Value:ComboBox_Sub-Products2.Selected.Result}
Best regards,