I took more time and tested on my machine:
1. Regional settings matach yours: short date = dd.MM.yyyy

2. I assume based on your code, this is format you want to get in excel:

3. I recreated your code

4. And I got... the same result as you. But! We thought it is row 3 put incorrectly and rows 1 and 2 ok, but this is exactly opposite if we use formulas to grab parts of a date:

5. I did copy/paste the values from notepad and voila! Values are correct in Excel. So definitely issue between PAD and Excel

6. I have then reformatted variables in pad from your 'dd-MM-yyyy' to 'MM-dd-yyyy' and this time - correct results in Excel.


So to wrap up:
When pasting value from PAD (yours and mine) - values are assumed by Excel as 'MM-dd-yyyy' as suggested initially.
I try to avoid using pasting dates into Excel - afaik it is nightmare with those formats conflicts, so for example I often put time stamps as text.