If you want to run your flow from a cloud flow, but your machine is not joined to a domain or an Azure AD, use the user name and password connection method instead:
If you start a command prompt and type 'whoami' it will tell you the userid portion of the login.
Since your desktop isn't part of a domain the login is the computer name followed by your userid.
There is no alternative way currently to pass input variables to a cloud flow by using the Windows Task Scheduler as far as I know. If you absolutely need input variables, you will need to schedule your flow via cloud flows.
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