I have a Sharepoint list, for which have created a custom form in Power Apps.
All the data cards have their DataCardXXKey element's text set to Parent.DisplayName, which should mean that it would show the name of the corresponding Sharepoint list column. And while some of those update themselves after I refresh the Data, many times they do not and they retain their old names even if the new one is already visible in some UI elements.
You can see the different values shown in the app and in the Form field selection pane.
Proof that text should be changing along with the column name.
I'm able to force a refresh by deleting and adding a field, or changing it from Edit to View and back to Edit, but this is in no way a sustainable thing to do.