Thank you for your reply!
I modified the flow as recommended.
The approaches regarding title as mandatory field, the extended header and checking out the project sounded understandable.
The project was already checked out manually before. I still included the action in the flow so that it is from the same session (and certainly the right user).

Unfortunately, the problem remains the same. There are no custom fields set mandatory in the PWA. But as far as I understand custom fields are not affected by this HTTP request at all.
{
"status": 400,
"message": "An entry without a type name was found, but no expected type was specified. To allow entries without type information, the expected type must also be specified when the model is specified.\r\nclientRequestId: 8606cfdf-daac-4066-8710-9a653a910f81\r\nserviceRequestId: 89028ea0-e063-6000-0d83-60b60fe44c48",
"source": "https://TENANT.sharepoint.com/sites/INTProjectCenterTest/_api/ProjectServer/Projects('2912f118-4297-ed11-abcf-00155df8957d')/draft/",
"errors": [
"-1",
"Microsoft.SharePoint.Client.InvalidClientQueryException"
]
}
{
"Pragma": "no-cache",
"Cache-Control": "no-store, no-cache",
"Set-Cookie": "ARRAffinity=c3e56c5cc8f2059e9ca5b31ea6306f0b4d439389925f19007ee442dc2004e749;Path=/;HttpOnly;Secure;Domain=sharepointonline-ne.azconn-ne-003.p.azurewebsites.net,ARRAffinitySameSite=c3e56c5cc8f2059e9ca5b31ea6306f0b4d439389925f19007ee442dc2004e749;Path=/;HttpOnly;SameSite=None;Secure;Domain=sharepointonline-ne.azconn-ne-003.p.azurewebsites.net",
"x-ms-request-id": "04038ea0-a0e1-6000-0d83-6726b3c94b76",
"Strict-Transport-Security": "max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains",
"X-Content-Type-Options": "nosniff",
"X-Frame-Options": "DENY",
"Timing-Allow-Origin": "*",
"x-ms-apihub-cached-response": "true",
"x-ms-apihub-obo": "false",
"Date": "Fri, 20 Jan 2023 07:10:10 GMT",
"Content-Length": "586",
"Content-Type": "application/json",
"Expires": "-1"
}
Hope this messages help to identify the issue.
EDIT:
- Removed description and set Title as only value to be changed to make it more simple - issue persists
- Selected other project from same PWA - issue persists
- Tried most of the out-of-the-box actions for "Project Online" to get information about all projects or the project in question. All ootb actions work fine, only custom http requests fail (like populate custom fields or populate default fields).
EDIT 2:
Found several people facing the same problem updating SharePoint Lists via http request. They solve this issue by adding a __metadata type. Maybe something like this?
{'parameters':
{
"__metadata":{"type":"SP.List"},
"BaseTemplate": 100,
"Title": "Flow Employees",
"Description": "Employees Details List"
}
}