I have a web app that requires oAuth2 authentication (with 2FA) to access. What I've attempted to do so far is use the Http with Azure AD connector:

This prompted me to authorize the client ID for Power Automate in my app registration, and I was able to get to the Invoke an HTTP request page.

When I performed a GET request, I got error code 302 and the location in my headers showed login.microsoftonline.com/common/oauth2/v2.0/authorize. It seems like my API request is unauthenticated even though I have a connection that was logged in. When I looked at the URL for the login when adding a connection, it doesn't appear to be hitting the endpoint for my API.
How would I be able to obtain an access token through flow to make my API requests? I tried to use a regular HTTP request, and was able to pass my username and password. However, this method won't work for me as we have 2FA setup that cannot be taken down (it's mandatory to have one). I would like to query my API, but it has oAuth2 authentication in place. I will need a JWT token to present as a bearer token if logging in is not enough to authenticate my API calls, but how would I extract this from the oAuth login?