The Power Automate "orchestrator" kind of a feature is the cloud portal with solutions, and cloud flows. In there, you can store data in Dataverse tables or environment variables. You could also just put them into a SharePoint list or something, but then it would in fact be accessible from outside of PA, whereas environment variables in solutions is more of a PA-native thing.
These cannot be directly retrieved by a desktop flow, however, and you would need to have a cloud flow initialize a desktop flow and pass them as input variables to the desktop flow. See here for reference on input variables: https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/power-automate/desktop-flows/manage-variables#input-and-output-variables
@Nived_Nambiar has already shared the resource on environment variables.
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