I believe I am having the same issue, and hoping for assistance.
I have an Excel spreadsheet and I often copy the data on that sheet and paste into SharePoint list (quick edit view).
However, when one of my columns contains a formula that data will not paste. I really am just trying to make an easy to use template for others as well, but I want to paste the returned vlookup value.

This is the Excel data and the formula is a vlookup in column H to return the full name (from a different sheet) based on an abbreviation in column A.
Formula: =IF([@[Scholarship Award Posted (abbreviation)]]="","",VLOOKUP(A2, 'Athletics Code'!$A$2:$B$14,2,FALSE))
In SharePoint, my similar column H is a drop-down list, but my copied data will not paste correctly.

It seems to add quotation marks before and after the vlookup value.

How can I work around this?