I would convert your JSON array to XML so we can use XPath to extract out the values you want.
See flow below that extracts out the Used and Planned numbers for LeaveType01. I'll go into each of the actions.

Compose contains your array of objects. You can just use the array you already have.

XML is a Compose that converts the array to XML so we can use XPath expressions. The expression to convert to XML is below. Note that it also adds a root element to ensure it's valid XML.
xml(json(concat('{"root": { value:', outputs('Compose'), '}}')))

The next two Compose actions are examples of extracting out the numbers. The expressions used are below. Note that you would just use the expressions directly within your SharePoint Update item action.
//LeaveType01 Used
xpath(outputs('XML'), 'number(//value[ID="LeaveType01"]/Used/text())')
//LeaveType01 Planned
xpath(outputs('XML'), 'number(//value[ID="LeaveType01"]/Planned/text())')
//To get your other values you would just need to add the ID and Property you want (Used or Planned).
xpath(outputs('XML'), 'number(//value[ID="YOUR_ID"]/Used/text())')

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