Hi @mpalilonis,
I tried to replicate your requirements and came up with a Flow solution that may work for you. One thing I should mention is that I took the liberty of creating the columns as the type I saw fit for this. For example, for Patient Name, I just use the Title column and for both Chief Compliant and HPI, I used the Single line of text column type. Also, for the sake of checking Flow conditions, I added a Rejected choice to the Status column.
Here's the list architecture:
- Title/Patient Name (Single line of text)
- Date of Birth (Date and Time)
- Age (Single line of text)
- Chief Compliant (Single line of text)
- HPI (Single line of text)
- Status (Choice)
- In Progress
- Submit
- Approved
- Rejected
For the Flow steps, for the trigger I used the "When an item is created or modified" since they no longer have the "When an item is modified" trigger. After that, I added a condition to check if the Status value is equals to Submit since you don't want to the Flow to trigger until the correct Status is selected. Below you can see the Condition step on both Basic and Advanced Edit Mode.
Condition on Basic Edit Mode
Condition on Advanced Edit Mode
If the Condition result is false, the Flow just stops, but if it's true, then it moves to the "Send approval email" step. In this step, I set the User Options to Approve and Reject.
User Options
At this point the Flow will wait until the Approval is complete. Once the approver completes the process, another Condition runs and checks if the selected option is equals to Approve. Below you can see the Condition 2 step on both Basic and Advanced Edit Mode:
Basic Edit Mode
Advanced Edit Mode
Also, in case you wonder where the "SelectedOption" came from, it comes from the "Send approval email" step. See the screenshot below for more info.
SelectedOption
If the Condition 2 result is true, the Status will be to Approved on the original item via the "Update item" step. Once the original item is updated, a new item will be created via the "Create item" step in the Approved Data list with the same info from the original item. And once the new item is created, the original item will be deleted via the "Delete item" step. The screenshot below shows the complete sequence:

Now, if the Condition 2 result is false, I set a "Send email step" to the Modified By person to let him/her know the list item has been Rejected. Right after that, the item Status is set to Rejected via the "Update item 2" step and then the Flow stops. See the screenshot below:

All the steps above worked for me, and hopefully they will work for you. As for locking down the items while they are waiting for approval, I don't know of any way of doing this out of the box unless you either create a form in PowerApps or create a custom form with HTML and JavaScript.
Please let me know if you have any questions or need help.
Regards,
Fausto Capellan, Jr