Unfortunately, the screen shots you uploaded are not very helpful since they don't show how any of the actions are configured. Therefore, the best thing that I can suggest is to create a SharePoint list that contains the names of your companies, cost centers, and the approvers.
You can then use a Get items action with a filter query on the company and cost center values to return the approver names.
Another option, which is the method I use, is to use the SharePoint list with this data as a lookup field in the original list. However, this would require either a third-party tool that allows you to modify the list form or the use Power Apps to customize the form. Fortunately, I have access to a third-party tool called Nintex Forms, which makes it much easier than with Power Apps. But if you ever worked with SharePoint 2013 and InfoPath Forms in SharePoint, you'll know what I am referring to.
This is how it works with Nintex for a scenario just like you have. The Legal Entity field corresponds to your company value, and the functional area value corresponds to cost center. The user first chooses the legal entity (company), and that value filters the functional area choices (cost center) to just those for the selected company. Once the functional area is selected, it stores the ID of the selected row from the external list (Delegations of Authority) so I can use a Get item action with the ID stored in the request.