Hi @byrnep , Please correct me If I am wrong. Are you referring to Dataverse action in Flow which can be configure using Service Principle as below?

If yes, then you must be knowing that to configure, you require Client ID and Client Secret.

As per my knowledge the Client Secret cannot be exported through CI/CD pipeline because for oblivious reason and I have tried this for one of our custom connector and as an alternative I have to use environment variable of secret type and then move to target environment.
But I am sure that you cannot use environment variable while configuring the Dataverse action in flow through SP. And eventually once you deploy your components to target environment, your flow will fail and you have to re-configure the Dataverse action in flow through SP, if you have deployed your components to test environment as unmanaged solution. If you have deployed your components to test environment as managed solution, then it is going to be nightmare!
So, to answer your question, you have to reconfigure all flows in test environment with SP if you have deployed your components to test environment as unmanaged solution.
Please check this https://powerusers.microsoft.com/t5/Power-Automate-Community-Blog/Using-Service-Principal-in-Power-Automate-Flow/ba-p/452086
I would suggest you to create a ticket with MS to get more clarity on this. Also try posting your query on Power Automate forum: https://powerusers.microsoft.com/t5/Microsoft-Power-Automate/ct-p/MPACommunity
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I hope this helps.
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Thanks,
ANB