Hi @Anonymous ,
Sorry, I'm not vert familiar with French, could you reply me in English later?
Do you mean that you could only update data successfully of sharepoint in powerapps?
The error that you provided seems to be related to Required field.
Please check whether you have required field in your sharepoint list.
You could check this in list settings.

If one field is required, you need to update with this field's value. Or else, you will not succeed.
Here's my advice:
1)you could change your field to not required
2)you could update with that required field value.
If the problem is not related to the problem above, please show me more details about your app, your list.
Best regards,