There are many many reasons this is happening
Without seeing your data, the expressions etc its hard.
Either you do NOT have the .Value as the same values. Meaning if you are using ID but you inserted the data differently then the ID's won't match and it won't work.
Please share a picture of the data in Dev
Please share a picture of the data in Production
So we can identify that they are in fact the same and should filter the same way. My guess is it doesn't.
You are saying there are no code etc changes so either you are wrong, or the data is not filtering the same because the data is wrong, so dont just quickly look, really validate, what value is being used when you Select something and how that maps to the lookup table.
Also in this case, the actual Fields are missing. So this tells me you have some kind of IF statement or something to determines in they are visible or not, or the form is visible or not, or the gallery and you are NOT setting this value properly.