@J0el if we're not talking about security in Dataverse for Teams (which is controlled by the Office 365 Group), Dataverse works under the principle of least privilege/deny by default.
You would not be able to access underlying data unless the correct security role has been granted.
Let's suppose for example that User A has been granted a security role which grants access to the Canvas App, as well as permission to read, edit, and create items in Dataverse table used by the Canvas App. However, User B (who has one of the Admin or Reader roles) copies the hyperlink to the Dataverse table and then shares that link with User A; this is what User A will see if they opened that link:

Same principle applies to the Dataverse Connector in Power BI. If users are able to access the tables then it is likely the organisation's security/data loss prevention policies have been badly administered.
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Imran-Ami Khan