Are you saying the excel file is sent to you and then you save the attachment in a folder, and then you want to know if you can get the info from the table?
Or are you asking if you can get the info from the table directly from the email attachment?
If the excel file is saved in a folder, you can get the info from the table IF IT IS A TABLE. You have to have the table format which would then be a named table. You can use the power automate action "List rows present in a table" to call the table.
It will call the table by name in the workbook so it doesn't matter how many headings or where it is located.
Excel Table
List Rows Present In a Table
Just listing some fields in an excel sheet and saying that it is a table is not the same as a named table. So if your workbook doesn't have the table formatted, you will have to find another way to get the data.